【新唐人2013年08月15日讯】中国大陆上海高院法官集体召妓曝光后，上海高院院长的“敌对势力”论又再令人侧目。有网友搜索了中国各省直辖市的31名高院院长的履历，发现他们当中，只有一个人通过司法资格考试，有20人不是法学科班出身，14人没有正规大学学历。大陆法律界人士披露，在中国法院院长多数是从行政部门调任，并非法律专业人士，甚至还怀疑，现任最高法院院长周强也未参加司法资格考试。
上海高院代院长崔亚东在总结法官招妓的教训时说：此事件给境内外敌对势力藉机攻击党和政府提供了可乘之机。这番惊天言论引发网友好奇，中国的法院院长究竟是一群甚么样的人？一个叫曹开林的博主对中国大陆的31名高院院长作了一个统计，这项统计吓坏了网友。
统计显示，31名高院院长中，大学学历17人，自考1人，党校学历13人；法学科班出身11人，通过司法考试1人；既没有法学经历又没有普通大学学历的有七人，包括上海高院崔亚东，内蒙古高院胡毅锋，山西高院左世忠，甘肃高院梁明远，安徽高院张坚，宁夏高院李彦凯，陕西高院阎庆文。曹开林还提醒说，这七个人可能值得重点关注，冤案发生的机率可能会高一些。
原中国青年政治学院法律系副教授杨支柱向《新唐人》表示，这种事情在中国并不奇怪。在中共体制下，一般案子大多数是主管副院长签字。院长实际上他可能是一个不管业务的人。
原中国青年政治学院副教授杨支柱：“你比如有一个副院长管民事案件，有一个副院长管刑事案件。那么院长管甚么呢？好多院长他管用人，谁当副院长，谁当庭长？封官他管。另外一个管甚么呢？管钱、盖楼，这个楼该不该盖？甚么时候盖？他管这个。”
杨支柱透露说，他所接触的一些法官，甚至希望院长是个外行。因为外行院长他可能从别的部门，比如组织部或财政厅调过来，这样的话，他在外面就有更多的资源，可以为法官带来更多的福利。
根据中共法律规定，在2002年之后，初任法官、初任检察官和取得律师资格必须通过国家司法考试。但是事实上，中共的法院院长常常从其他部门调配，而且民众也未听说他们参加了司法资格考试，即使在2002年新规定生效之后也是如此。杨支柱甚至怀疑，现任最高法院院长周强或许也没有参加司法资格考试。
杨支柱：“周强有没有参加过司法资格考试？我怀疑就没有。周强这个人原来在司法部干了一段。后来就在我们共青团当共青团的书记。后来到湖南当省委书记，他甚么时候做过法官？也没有做过法官。他就没有参加过司法资格考试，我觉得。”
而据北京凯泰律师事务所律师谢燕益的了解，往往法院院长都是由其他行政部门的官员直接调任的，可能多数都未参加司法资格考试。
北京凯泰律师事务所律师谢燕益：“据我了解，我们那个地方确实有一个法院的庭长还是副院长参加司法考试，还是一个比较轰动的事情，还说这个人很自强，当领导干部，当院里的领导，他居然还参加司法考试。这个反而成为一个新闻了。”
杭州维权律师王成表示，高院院长基本上应该是二级大法官，在国家的司法系统内是一个非常高的位置。如果像这样位置的人都是一些非法律专业的人，甚至根本连一个本科文凭都没有，是非常荒唐的事情。
杭州维权律师王成：“可以肯定的说，这个国家的司法系统的裁判水平不可能很高。同时本身也印证这么多年来，中国的法院系统裁判的水平是非常的低。有很多不公正的裁判。包括很多年来，从中央到地方，各级的人大表决法院的工作报告的时候，都出现了很多反对票。”
谢燕益表示，中共最高院要求对于一些重大案件，法院院长要参与审理工作。如果他没有司法资格，没有法官的专业知识，就很可能出现枉法裁判，就会对社会造成很大的伤害。
采访编辑/秦雪 后制/葛雷
Serious Doubts Cast Over Court President's Qualifications in China
Since Shanghai judges' sex scandal was exposed,
the President of Shanghai's High Court theory of
"hostile force", aroused public condemnation and ridicule.
Netizens surfed the internet and collected
the profiles of 31 Court Presidents.
There is only one person with proper judicial qualifications.
20 so called judges did not major in law at the college,
14 of them don't have any university qualification.
Legal experts in Mainland China revealed that the majority
of Court Presidents were transferred from the civil service.
They are not the legal experts. They are not legally qualified.
People now have doubts that Zhou Qiang, the Supreme Court
President has any judicial qualification or passed any exams.
Cui Yadong, Acting President of the Shanghai
High Court has claimed that the sex scandal incident
provided a loophole for hostile forces at home and abroad
to attack the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and governments.
Cui's words triggered netizens curiosity.
What kind of group is the Court Presidents in China?
Netizen Cao Kailin did a research survey of 31 High Court
Presidents. The results have astonished and terrified netizens.
It shows that among 31 High Courts, only 17 Presidents
have university qualifications, one finished the degree in their spare time.
13 have the CCP school qualification; 11 studied law at
University. Only one passed the judicial exam.
7 Presidents have neither legal qualification nor general
university qualification.
It includes Cui Yadong in Shanghai, Hu Yifeng in Inner
Mongolia, Zuo Shizhong in Shanxi, Liang Mingyuan in Gansu,
Zhang Jian in Anhui, Li Yankai in Ningxia,
and Yan Qingwen in Shan'anxi.
Cao Kailin warns that people need to keep an eye
on those 7 Unqualified Presidents,
miscarriage of justice is in danger of happening.
Yang Zhizhu, former deputy Professor in law told NTD that
this kind of issue is common in China.
Under the Chinese Communist regime, the general case is
mostly assigned to the Vice President of the Court.
The Presidents are probably not involved in actual practice.
Yang Zhizhu: "For example, one Deputy President of
a Court deals with civil cases,
another Deputy President deals with criminal cases.
What does the President of the court do?
Many of them are in charge of human resources,
choosing and vetting Deputy Presidents.
They are also in charge of the finances and
construction projects: deciding whether and when
to implement construction projects."
Yang Zhizhu reveals that some judges he knew said
they hoped that the Court Presidents know nothing about law.
Because under these circumstance, he could be
transferred from civil organs, to financial organs.
If so, he could have many economic contacts,
bringing more profits to the judges.
According to Chinese law, after 2002, new judges and new
Public Prosecutors must pass the national judicial exam.
Actually, the Presidents of the Court are generally
transferred from other bodies.
Nobody has ever heard of any of them ever taken
such an exam.
So even though there is a new Law since 2002,
nothing has changed.
Yang Zhizhu doubts that Zhou Qiang has taken the exam.
Yang Zhizhu: "Has Zhou Qiang taken the exam? I doubt it.
Zhou served in the justice department for a while.
Later he became Youth League secretary.
Then he was transferred to be a provincial party
secretary in Hunan.
When did he serve as a judge? Never.
I believe he has never taken a judicial exam."
According to lawyer Xie Yanyi of Kaitai Law firm in Beijing,
normally Court Presidents are directly transferred from other
civil bodies. The majority of them didn't take judicial exam.
Xie Yanyi: "From what I have learned in our area there is only
one local Court Deputy President that took the judicial exam.
It became sensational issue. People said that this person
worked hard, being a leader, a court leader,
he took the judicial examination. This was big news."
Wang Cheng, a human rights lawyer in Hangzhou said that
the High Court President should essentially be
a second degree Grand Justice.
It is a very high position in the judicial industry in this country.
If such a position were taken by legally unqualified persons,
that don't have any university qualifications, it is an absolute nonsense.
Wang Cheng: "Certainly, this country's judicial system
is of very low quality. Over the years,
it has been proven that China's judicial system
is very poor. Many cases of miscarriage of justice exist.
Year in, year out, from central government to local
government, and at all levels of the people's congresses,
surveys of court standards are negative."
Xie Yanyi said that the Supreme Court in China requests
Court Presidents to participate in the trial cases.
If one doesn't have judicial qualifications,
he has no judicial expertise.
This can lead to miscarriage of justice.
Thus, it will bring grave harm to society.
上海高院代院长崔亚东在总结法官招妓的教训时说：此事件给境内外敌对势力藉机攻击党和政府提供了可乘之机。这番惊天言论引发网友好奇，中国的法院院长究竟是一群甚么样的人？一个叫曹开林的博主对中国大陆的31名高院院长作了一个统计，这项统计吓坏了网友。
统计显示，31名高院院长中，大学学历17人，自考1人，党校学历13人；法学科班出身11人，通过司法考试1人；既没有法学经历又没有普通大学学历的有七人，包括上海高院崔亚东，内蒙古高院胡毅锋，山西高院左世忠，甘肃高院梁明远，安徽高院张坚，宁夏高院李彦凯，陕西高院阎庆文。曹开林还提醒说，这七个人可能值得重点关注，冤案发生的机率可能会高一些。
原中国青年政治学院法律系副教授杨支柱向《新唐人》表示，这种事情在中国并不奇怪。在中共体制下，一般案子大多数是主管副院长签字。院长实际上他可能是一个不管业务的人。
原中国青年政治学院副教授杨支柱：“你比如有一个副院长管民事案件，有一个副院长管刑事案件。那么院长管甚么呢？好多院长他管用人，谁当副院长，谁当庭长？封官他管。另外一个管甚么呢？管钱、盖楼，这个楼该不该盖？甚么时候盖？他管这个。”
杨支柱透露说，他所接触的一些法官，甚至希望院长是个外行。因为外行院长他可能从别的部门，比如组织部或财政厅调过来，这样的话，他在外面就有更多的资源，可以为法官带来更多的福利。
根据中共法律规定，在2002年之后，初任法官、初任检察官和取得律师资格必须通过国家司法考试。但是事实上，中共的法院院长常常从其他部门调配，而且民众也未听说他们参加了司法资格考试，即使在2002年新规定生效之后也是如此。杨支柱甚至怀疑，现任最高法院院长周强或许也没有参加司法资格考试。
杨支柱：“周强有没有参加过司法资格考试？我怀疑就没有。周强这个人原来在司法部干了一段。后来就在我们共青团当共青团的书记。后来到湖南当省委书记，他甚么时候做过法官？也没有做过法官。他就没有参加过司法资格考试，我觉得。”
而据北京凯泰律师事务所律师谢燕益的了解，往往法院院长都是由其他行政部门的官员直接调任的，可能多数都未参加司法资格考试。
北京凯泰律师事务所律师谢燕益：“据我了解，我们那个地方确实有一个法院的庭长还是副院长参加司法考试，还是一个比较轰动的事情，还说这个人很自强，当领导干部，当院里的领导，他居然还参加司法考试。这个反而成为一个新闻了。”
杭州维权律师王成表示，高院院长基本上应该是二级大法官，在国家的司法系统内是一个非常高的位置。如果像这样位置的人都是一些非法律专业的人，甚至根本连一个本科文凭都没有，是非常荒唐的事情。
杭州维权律师王成：“可以肯定的说，这个国家的司法系统的裁判水平不可能很高。同时本身也印证这么多年来，中国的法院系统裁判的水平是非常的低。有很多不公正的裁判。包括很多年来，从中央到地方，各级的人大表决法院的工作报告的时候，都出现了很多反对票。”
谢燕益表示，中共最高院要求对于一些重大案件，法院院长要参与审理工作。如果他没有司法资格，没有法官的专业知识，就很可能出现枉法裁判，就会对社会造成很大的伤害。
采访编辑/秦雪 后制/葛雷
Serious Doubts Cast Over Court President's Qualifications in China
Since Shanghai judges' sex scandal was exposed,
the President of Shanghai's High Court theory of
"hostile force", aroused public condemnation and ridicule.
Netizens surfed the internet and collected
the profiles of 31 Court Presidents.
There is only one person with proper judicial qualifications.
20 so called judges did not major in law at the college,
14 of them don't have any university qualification.
Legal experts in Mainland China revealed that the majority
of Court Presidents were transferred from the civil service.
They are not the legal experts. They are not legally qualified.
People now have doubts that Zhou Qiang, the Supreme Court
President has any judicial qualification or passed any exams.
Cui Yadong, Acting President of the Shanghai
High Court has claimed that the sex scandal incident
provided a loophole for hostile forces at home and abroad
to attack the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and governments.
Cui's words triggered netizens curiosity.
What kind of group is the Court Presidents in China?
Netizen Cao Kailin did a research survey of 31 High Court
Presidents. The results have astonished and terrified netizens.
It shows that among 31 High Courts, only 17 Presidents
have university qualifications, one finished the degree in their spare time.
13 have the CCP school qualification; 11 studied law at
University. Only one passed the judicial exam.
7 Presidents have neither legal qualification nor general
university qualification.
It includes Cui Yadong in Shanghai, Hu Yifeng in Inner
Mongolia, Zuo Shizhong in Shanxi, Liang Mingyuan in Gansu,
Zhang Jian in Anhui, Li Yankai in Ningxia,
and Yan Qingwen in Shan'anxi.
Cao Kailin warns that people need to keep an eye
on those 7 Unqualified Presidents,
miscarriage of justice is in danger of happening.
Yang Zhizhu, former deputy Professor in law told NTD that
this kind of issue is common in China.
Under the Chinese Communist regime, the general case is
mostly assigned to the Vice President of the Court.
The Presidents are probably not involved in actual practice.
Yang Zhizhu: "For example, one Deputy President of
a Court deals with civil cases,
another Deputy President deals with criminal cases.
What does the President of the court do?
Many of them are in charge of human resources,
choosing and vetting Deputy Presidents.
They are also in charge of the finances and
construction projects: deciding whether and when
to implement construction projects."
Yang Zhizhu reveals that some judges he knew said
they hoped that the Court Presidents know nothing about law.
Because under these circumstance, he could be
transferred from civil organs, to financial organs.
If so, he could have many economic contacts,
bringing more profits to the judges.
According to Chinese law, after 2002, new judges and new
Public Prosecutors must pass the national judicial exam.
Actually, the Presidents of the Court are generally
transferred from other bodies.
Nobody has ever heard of any of them ever taken
such an exam.
So even though there is a new Law since 2002,
nothing has changed.
Yang Zhizhu doubts that Zhou Qiang has taken the exam.
Yang Zhizhu: "Has Zhou Qiang taken the exam? I doubt it.
Zhou served in the justice department for a while.
Later he became Youth League secretary.
Then he was transferred to be a provincial party
secretary in Hunan.
When did he serve as a judge? Never.
I believe he has never taken a judicial exam."
According to lawyer Xie Yanyi of Kaitai Law firm in Beijing,
normally Court Presidents are directly transferred from other
civil bodies. The majority of them didn't take judicial exam.
Xie Yanyi: "From what I have learned in our area there is only
one local Court Deputy President that took the judicial exam.
It became sensational issue. People said that this person
worked hard, being a leader, a court leader,
he took the judicial examination. This was big news."
Wang Cheng, a human rights lawyer in Hangzhou said that
the High Court President should essentially be
a second degree Grand Justice.
It is a very high position in the judicial industry in this country.
If such a position were taken by legally unqualified persons,
that don't have any university qualifications, it is an absolute nonsense.
Wang Cheng: "Certainly, this country's judicial system
is of very low quality. Over the years,
it has been proven that China's judicial system
is very poor. Many cases of miscarriage of justice exist.
Year in, year out, from central government to local
government, and at all levels of the people's congresses,
surveys of court standards are negative."
Xie Yanyi said that the Supreme Court in China requests
Court Presidents to participate in the trial cases.
If one doesn't have judicial qualifications,
he has no judicial expertise.
This can lead to miscarriage of justice.
Thus, it will bring grave harm to society.
